Follows are command lines that I often use (not necessarily the best approach) while interacting with Docker Container. Commands are correct up to Version 18.03.1.
show all containers, including inactive ones:
docker ps -a show images:
docker images run a container from an image in interactive mode:
docker run -d -it --name [nameOfContainer] [imageName:version or imageID] get into a container with a bash shell:
docker exec -it [containerID] /bin/bash show images: